Ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kujongana nombuzo othi “ngokukhawuleza”, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwiisayithi ze-intanethi ixhomekeke kwimiba emibini:

  • UkhuselekoZiphephe iziganeko kangangoko kunokwenzeka (ungahlaselwa, ungosulelwa yi-malware, ungafakelwa iinkcukacha zokungena, ungahlaselwa nge-API, ungachukunyiswa).
  • Ugcino-kopiNokuba kukho into engahambi kakuhle, ungabuyela esiqhelweni ngokukhawuleza (ukucinywa ngempazamo, uhlaziyo olungaphumelelanga, ukusilela kwe-server, ukubuyela emva kwe-ransomware/iihacks).

Ezi zinto zimbini zilandelayo ziyahlangana:

  • Ukugxila kuphela kukhuseleko ngaphandle kokwenza iibackups kuthetha ukuba iingxaki ezingalindelekanga zisenokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni yidatha ngokupheleleyo ngobusuku obunye.“
  • Ukugxila kuphela kwiibackups ungakhange ubeke ukhuseleko phambili kuya kukubamba kumjikelo “wokuhlaselwa kwemihla ngemihla nokubuyiselwa kwemihla ngemihla,” apho ixesha neendleko zibhabha zingalawuleki.

Emva kokufunda oku, kufuneka ukwazi ukwenza oku:

  • Ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo ukuba “iBhek-up noKhuseleko” iquka ntoni (ukuze uphephe ukuthenga imveliso engeyiyo, ukuyifaka ngokungachanekanga, okanye ukucinga ukuba ukufaka nje kuphela kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olupheleleyo)
  • Khetha isisombululo esifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwesayithi (isayithi enomxholo/isayithi yenkampani/i-e-commerce/isayithi yolwalamano)
  • Ukusungula ngokuthe ngcembe ngokwesicwangciso-sikhokelo (okuqala kukwenza ukuba kubekho ukubuyiselwa, kulandele ukufikelela kulawuleko, kwaye ekugqibeleni kusekwe isakhelo esicwangcisiweyo)
  • Ingaqinisekiswa kusetyenziswa uluhlu lokujonga oluzimeleyo: Ikopi yokhuselekoOkunokufunyanwa ngokweneneUkhuselekoNgokwenene kukho umda
  • Yazi apho uza kuqala khona ukulungisa iingxaki xa kuvela iingxaki (ukusilela kwe-backup, ukusilela kokubuyisela, ukurhanelwa kokuphulwa kokhuseleko, njl.njl.)

1. Injongo: Into oyifunayo “yinkqubo enokubuyiselwa”, hayi nje “ukufaka i-plugin”.”

Iikhowudi zokukhusela ayimayelana nokuba iifayile zokukhusela zikhona na.“

Kokuphela:Ungakwazi na ukubuyisela iwebhusayithi kwimeko oyifunayo nanini na uyifuna?。

Kungoko, izalathisi eziphambili zokwenza iibackups azikho nje “kufakela i-plugin yokwenza iibackup”, kodwa zezi ngongoma zimbini:

  • I-window yelahleko yedatha eyamkelekileyo (RPO)Lixesha elingakanani eliphezulu lokulahlekelwa yidatha onokunyamezela kuso kwimeko embi kakhulu?
    Umzekelo: Kwiisayithi ezineemixholo, ukulahlekelwa ziindatshana zeeyure ezingama-24 kunokunyamezeleka; kwiiplatifomu zorhwebo lwe-intanethi, ukulahlekelwa ziiodolo zemizuzu engama-30 yingxaki enkulu kakhulu.
  • Injongo yexesha elamkelekileyo lokuchacha (RTO)Ungathanda ukuqalisa kwakhona imisebenzi kungekudala kangakanani emva kwesiganeko?
    Umzekelo: Iiwebhusayithi zeenkampani zisenokufuna ukubuyiselwa kwisithuba seyure enye; amaqonga e-e-commerce afuna ukubuyiselwa kwisithuba semizuzu eli-10 ukuya kuma-30.

Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ubonise ezi methrikhi njengeefomula, kodwa uzisebenzise ukumisela:Ubungakanani besixa esigciniweyo, ixesha lokugcinwa, imfuneko yokwenza iibackup zexesha lokwenyani/ezongezelelweyo, imfuneko yokubuyisela ngokucofa kanye/yokubuyisela ikude.。

2. Yenza isicwangciso ngokukhawuleza ngokohlobo lwendawo (qala ngokumisela icala, uze ukhethe izixhobo)

Iingcebiso zobuchule:

A. Isayithi enomxholo / Ibhlog

  • Ubungakanani bezihlaziyo: Ngokuqhelekileyo “izihlaziyo zemihla ngemihla/zeveki”
  • Isilungiselelo esicetyiswayo sokwenza i-backup:Yonke imihlaYenza i-backup yedathabheyisi kunye ne-wp-content (iifayile ezilayishiweyo/iithimu/iiplagini)
  • Injongo yokubuyisela: Ukubuyisela kuyo nayiphi na inguqulelo yango jiza okanye yanamhlanje kuyamkeleka (eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuphepha ukulahlekelwa zizibhalo kunye nethala lemidiya).

B. Iwebhusayithi yeNkampani / Iwebhusayithi yokuThengisa (Iinkokelo ezisekelwe kwiifomu zibaluleke kakhulu)

  • Ubuninzi botshintsho: Akuyomfuneko ukuba buphezulu, kodwa iifomu/iikhokelo zibaluleke kakhulu.
  • Isindululo somlinganiselo wokugcina iikopi ezikhuselweyo: UbuncinaneYonke imihlakwaye uqinisekise ukuba idatha yefomu ayikho kwindawo enye kuphela, njenge-imeyile okanye iinkqubo ze-CRM.“
  • Ukubuyisela umva: Vumela ukubuyisela umva okukhawulezayo xa kuvela iingxaki ngexesha lokuhlaziya, ukuyilwa ngokutsha, okanye ukongezwa kweeskripthi zokulandelela.

C. I-website yokuthengisa nge-intanethi (WooCommerce)

  • Ubuninzi botshintsho: Iiodolo/i-inventri/indlela yokuziphatha komsebenzisi zenzeka ngokuqhubekayo
  • Ukuphindaphindwa okucetyiswayo kokugcina ikopi yokhuselo: Ingqwalasela ephambiliUmkhankaso ophezulu(ngeyure, okanye nangoko/kufutshane nangoko), ubuncinci, ukhuseleko lwedathabheyisi kufuneka lomelele.
  • Injongo yoHlaziyo: Ukunciphisa ilahleko yedatha ye-odolo; ukwenza ukuba kubekho uhlaziyo olukhawulezayo lweendlela zokuhlawula nokulungiswa kwee-odolo.

D. Iphepha-mpendulwano Lobulungu / Iphepha-mpendulwano Lezifundo / Uluntu

  • Ubuninzi bezinguqu: Inkqubela yomsebenzisi, iimvume, ukuvulwa komxholo, idatha yentsebenziswano
  • Isindululo sesixa-xa sesipele: iidatabases zifuna ukwenziwa rhoqo; ngaxeshanye, iindawo zokubuyisela kufuneka zibe “zichanekile ngexesha elithile”.
  • Iinjongo zokubuyisela: Idatha yomsebenzisi ihlala ingachukunyiswanga, iimvume ziyagcinwa, kwaye umxholo awuphazanyiswanga.

3. Isicwangciso Sokwenza Ukuphinda Ukhuphe (Ufakelo olucetyiswayo lweenqanaba ezintathu)

Amanqaku aphambili:Kuqala, simisa amandla okubuyisela kwimeko yangaphambili, emva koko sixoxe ngozenzekelayo nokwenza izinto ngokwenkqubo.

Iyantlukwano 1: Kuqala, kufuneka kubekho “iibackups ezenzekelayo + ugcino olungekho kwisiza”.”

Le yeyona mfuneko isisiseko kakhulu. Nokuba zeziphi na izixhobo ozisebenzisayo, kufuneka zihlangabezane nezi mfuno zilandelayo:

  • UzenzisoMusa ukuxhomekeka kwintetho ethi “Ndikhumbula ukuba ndicofe ngesandla”.”
  • Indawo yokugcina engaphandle kwesizaMusa ukugcina iibackups zakho kwiseva enye.
    Isizathu silula kakhulu: ukuba iseva ingawa, idiski ingonakala, okanye i-akhawunti yakho ingaphulwa kwaye i-database icinywe, “i-backup yakho yasekuhlaleni” isenokunyamalala kunye nayo.

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwesi sixhobo ziquka:

  • I-plugin yokugcina iikopi zokhuseleko ithumela iikopi zokhuseleko kugcino lwefu/ugcino lwezinto/i-FTP.UpdraftPlus (Ixhasa ngokucacileyo iindawo ezahlukeneyo, eziquka i-Dropbox, i-Google Drive kunye ne-Amazon S3)
  • Iinkonzo zokugcina iikhowudi kwi-cloud zigcina iikhowudi kwiziseko zazo ze-cloud kwaye zibonelela ngokubuyisela ngokucofa kanye.Jetpack VaultPress Isipele (Ijolise kwi-cloud backup nokubuyiselwa ngokucofa kanye, kodwa ifuna isicwangciso esihlawulelwayo esiquka i-Backup)

Inyathelo lesi-2: Ukuphucula i-backup ibe “yinkqubo enokubuyiselwa”

Iiwebhusayithi ezininzi ziyawa ngenene kungekhona ngenxa yokungabi nawo ama-backup, kodwa kungenxa yokuba:

  • Ugcino-kopi aluphelelanga (kugcinwe i-database kuphela, hayi ii-uploads/ii-themes/ii-plugins)
  • Ifayile yedekhi yonakele/iimvume azichanekanga
  • Kwacaca kuphela xa kwakufuneka ukubuyiselwa, ukuba inkqubo yokubuyisela yayingasebenzi tu.“

Ngoko ke, injongo yeSigaba sesi-2 yile:Yenza umthambo wokubuyisela kwimeko esiqhelweni amaxesha ngamaxesha.(Nokuba ubuyisela kwindawo yovavanyo/kwisikhokelo sexeshana), qinisekisa la manqaku alandelayo:

  • Idathabheyisi ingabuyiselwa.
  • Ithala lemidiya lingabuyiselwa.wp-content/uploads/）
  • Iitimu/iiplagini zinokubuyiselwa.wp-content/themes/、wp-content/plugins/）
  • Emva kokubuyiselwa, isiza kufuneka sifikeleleke, i-backend kufuneka ivumele ukungena okuqhelekileyo, kwaye imisebenzi engundoqo kufuneka isebenze kakuhle (iziza ze-e-commerce kufuneka zivavanye iinkqubo zokufaka iodolo/zokuhlawula; iziza zobulungu kufuneka zivavanye iinkqubo zokungena/zezimvume).

Yiyo kanye le nto izisombululo ezininzi zokugcina iikopi zokhuseleko zorhwebo zigxininisa kwiimpawu ezifana “nokubuyisela ngokucofa kanye”, “ukubuyisela ngexesha lemizuzu”, kunye “neebackups ezongezelelweyo ukunciphisa umthwalo”. Umzekelo, BlogVault Inkcazelo yale plugin igxininisa **iibackups ezenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, ezongezelelayo (kuquka ii-databases, i-themes, iiplagins, kunye nemidiya)** kwaye ibonelela ngomsebenzi wokulungiselela/wokufudusa.Lawula i-WP Ikwawugxininisa ukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-backup obongezelelwayo ukunciphisa umthwalo, ngelixa ibonelela ngokubuyiselwa ngokucofa kanye.

Inyathelo lesi-3: Ukudibanisa iibackups “kwiNkqubo yoHlaziyo/yoKhululo” (Indawo yokuBuyela umva)

Kweli nqanaba, injongo yakho yile:Indawo yokubuyela umva iyafumaneka phambi kotshintsho olukhulu ngalunye.。

Imeko eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

  • Uphuculo olukhulu lwe-Core Version ye-WordPress
  • Tshintsha itimu/Uhlaziyo olukhulu lwetemplate
  • Ukufaka okanye ukutshintsha ii-plugins eziphambili (iinkqubo zentlawulo ze-e-commerce, iinkqubo zobulungu, iinkqubo zeefomu)
  • Ukutshintshwa kwemifanekiso ngobuninzi/Ukufuduswa komxholo omkhulu

Ukubaluleka kweSigaba sesi-3 kukule nto: akufuneki “uthandaze ukuba utshintsho luhambe kakuhle”, kodwa endaweni yoko kufuneka ukwazi ukubuyela ngokukhawuleza “kumzuzu ongaphambi kotshintsho” ukuba lunokuba yingxaki.

4. Yintoni kanye ekufuneka igcinwe ikwakhona? (Abantu abaninzi bayazityeshela ezi ngongoma zibalulekileyo)

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo 1: Idathabheyisi (apho kugcinwa khona ii-odolo, abasebenzisi, umxholo, kunye nezicwangciso)

  • Amanqaku, amaphepha, izimvo
  • Abasebenzisi, Iimvume
  • Iioda zeWooCommerce, Isitokhwe, kunye neevawutsha
  • Uqwalaselo lwePlugini (Iisetingi ezibanzi ezigcinwe kwidathabheyisi)

Eyona ibalulekileyo 2: wp-content (Oku kungumthamo omkhulu we-“visible assets” zesayithi ye-WordPress)

  • uploadsImifanekiso, izincamathelisi, ithala lemidiya (ezona zinto kulula ukuziphosa xa kwenziwa ibackup)
  • themesIifayile zomxholo (ikhowudi/iitempleyithi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso)
  • pluginsIifayile ze-plugin (ezinye ii-plugin zisenokubhala nakwii-fayile ezilungiselelweyo)

Apho kusebenzayo: Ulwazi lwetoho kunye nemeko yokusebenza

Musa ukuzityeshela iiyantlukwano zokusingqongileyo:

  • Umyahluko weenguqulelo phakathi kwe-PHP unokubangela iimpazamo emva kokuchacha.
  • Ukuhluka kwezixhobo ezithile zolwandiso/zecache kunokubangela ukuba ukusebenza kohluke.
  • Iproxy ebuyileyo / CDN / Imigaqo yokhuseleko inokuchaphazela i-login kunye ne-interface zasemva

Ukubuyiselwa akukho nje kuphela ekubuyiseleni iifayile kwimeko yazo yantlandlolo, kodwa ikwaqinisekisa ukuba imeko yokusebenza kunye nemiseto ziyakwazi ukuxhasa ukusebenza kwazo.

5. Ukukhetha Isisombululo Sokugcina Ikopi

Uhlobo A: Ii-Backups ezicwangcisiweyo ze-Plugin (Zilungele ukuba sisiqalo kwiwebhusayithi ezininzi)

Iimpawu: Iindleko eziphantsi, ukulawuleka, ukufakwa okukhawulezayo; nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuphunyezwa okuqinileyo “kwegcini-lwazi elingekho kwisiza + imikhosi yokubuyisela”.

Izixhobo ezimeleyo:

  • UpdraftPlusIjolise kwiibhackups nokubuyiselwa kwemisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo, kwaye ixhasa ngokucacileyo iintlobo ngeentlobo zeendawo zokugcina iibhackups (iDropbox, iOneDrive, iGoogle Drive, iAmazon S3, iFTP, i-imeyile, njl.njl.) kwiphepha leeplagins.
    Ifanelekile kwi: iisayithi zomxholo/iisayithi zenkampani eziqalayo; kunye neesayithi ezifuna “ukugcina ikopi kwindawo yazo yokugcina abayilawulayo”.
  • WPvivid Ukugcina ikopi nokufudusaIphepha le-plugin ligxininisa ukugcinwa kwesipele, ukufuduswa kunye nokulungiselela (apho indawo yokulungiselela inokudalwa kwifolda engaphantsi ukuze kuvavanywe utshintsho).
    Ilungele: Abo badla ngokufudusa iiwebhusayithi okanye abafuna ukuvavanya okwethutyana uhlengahlengiso.
  • UmphindiIphepha le-plugin ligxininisa ukwenza iikhowudi zokukhusela, ukupakisha, ukufudusa, nokukopa iisayithi kwiiseva ezintsha okanye kwiidomeyini ezintsha.
    Ifanelekile kwi: ukufudusa, ukuphinda-phinda iiwebhusayithi, ukuseka iimeko zovavanyo, kunye nokwenza “iipakethe zewebhusayithi eziphathwayo”.

I-UpdraftPlus ijolise ngakumbi “ekuqaliseni ngeenkqubo zokugcina ikopi”.”

I-WPvivid/Duplicator igqwesile ekufuduseni, ekupakisheni, nasekuphindeni, nangona ikwazi nokwenza iibackups.

Uhlobo B: I-Backup ye-Cloud/I-Backup ephantse ibe ngexesha lokwenene (ilungele ngakumbi iisayithi ezineemfuno eziphezulu malunga nokukhuseleka kwedatha kunye nexesha lokubuyisela)

Iimpawu: Igxininisa “ukhuseleko kulo lonke utshintsho/iinguqu eziphindaphindiweyo” kunye “nokubuyiselwa ngokucofa kanye”, isebenza ngakumbi njengengqokelela yeenkonzo.

Izixhobo ezimeleyo:

  • I-Jetpack VaultPress Backup (I-Jetpack Backup)Iphepha le-plugin ligxininisa i-backup yelifu nokubuyiselwa ngokucofa kanye, kwaye lichaza ngokucacileyo ukuba isicwangciso se-Jetpack esihlawulelwayo kufuneka siquke i-Backup, ethiIphepha elisemthethweni lokubhalisa likwugxininisa“Gcina yonke utshintsho kwaye ubuyisele kwimeko esebenzisekayo ngokucofa kanye.
    Ifanelekile kwi: ii-sites ze-e-commerce/zamalungu, okanye ezo zixhalabele isantya sokubuyisela, okanye ezo zifuna ukunikezela umsebenzi wokwenza i-backup kumboneleli-nkonzo oqeqeshekileyo.
  • BlogVaultInkcazelo yale plugin icacisa ngokucacileyo ukuba iquka “iibackups ezenzekelayo, ezikhuselekileyo, nezongezelelwayo (idatabase, iithimu, iiplagins, imidiya)” kwaye iquka izakhono zayo zokwenza i-staging nokufudusa.
    Ifanelekile kwi: IiSayithi eziphatha “i-backup + uvavanyo + ukufuduka” njengenkqubo enye edityanisiweyo.
  • Lawula i-WPIgxininisa itekhnoloji yokugcina iibhackup ngokuthe ngcembe ukunciphisa umthwalo we-server kwaye ibonelela ngokubuyiselwa ngokucofa kanye.
    Ilungele: Abantu abalawula iindawo ezininzi (iistudiyo/amaqela) abanqwenela ukwenza iibackups, uhlaziyo, kunye nokubeka iliso kwindawo enye besebenzisa iphaneli enye yokulawula.

Uhlobo C: Ii-snapshots/ii-backups ezenzekelayo zomnini-siza (kucetyiswa kakhulu njengomgca wesibini wokhuselo)

Ukubaluleka kweebackups zomnini: Zidla ngokuba “zii-snapshots zomgangatho-nkqubo”, ezinika ukhuseleko olubanzi (ezibandakanya ii-databases neefayile, kwanemeko yezinye iilayers zokusingqongileyo).

Iingcinga eziphosakeleyo eziqhelekileyo:

  • Ugcino-lwazi lwangaphakathi ≠ Ugcino-lwazi olunokufuduswaXa utshintsha ababoneleli be-hosting okanye ufuna ukuthatha iibackups zakho, inkqubo ye-backup ye-host isenokungabi lula.
  • Iibhek-apu zeeplagin nazo ziyaphatheka.Iikopi ezigciniweyo zihlala kwindawo yokugcina esaphulowunini sakho, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kubekho ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekubuyiseleni iinkqubo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.

Ngoko ke, owona mdibaniso uzinzileyo udla ngokuba:

Ugcino-lwazi lwekhava (inketho yokubuyela emva esisiseko) + Ugcino-lwazi lwe-Plugin/lweli-cloud (ukuhambiseka kwinqanaba le-application + iindawo zokubuyisela ezicacisiweyo)

6. Isicwangciso-ndlela soKhuseleko (Siqala ngeyona mitho isisiseko isebenzayo, ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwii-plug-ins)

Ungazifaki zonke iiplagins ezilishumi kwangoko xa uqala amanyathelo okhuseleko; indlela echanekileyo kukuseka amagxa okhuseleko ngokwamaleko:

ISigaba 1: Ii-akhawunti neeMvume (Eyona mbuyekezo iphezulu, Ezona ziphumo zikhawulezayo)

Kweli nqanaba, umsebenzi wakho kukwenza “iindawo zokungena eziqhelekileyo zibe nzima ngakumbi”:

  • Ii-akhawunti zabalawuli zinciphisiwe: zinikwa kuphela abo bazifunayo.
  • Umgaqo-nkqubo wePhasiwedi oqinileyo: Musa ukuphinda usebenzise iiphaswedi; musa ukusebenzisa iiphaswedi ezibuthathaka.
  • Uqinisekiso lwezinto ezimbini (2FA)Olu lulunye lwezona zongezo zisebenzayo kule mihla yokuxhatshazwa kweenkcukacha zokungena kunye nokuvuza kweepassword.
    Umzekelo Ukhuseleko oluqinileyo Iphepha le-plugin lixhasa ngokucacileyo iindlela ezininzi ze-2FA (i-Authy, i-Google Authenticator, i-imeyile, iikhowudi zokugcina, njl.njl.).
  • Ukhuselo lokuNgena: Thintela iinzame zokuqhekeza ngamandla kwaye uthintele ukungeniswa kweenkcukacha ezininzi ngesiquphe.
  • Vala/cima ii-akhawunti ezingasetyenziswayo; Susa (hayi ukuzicima nje) i-themes/ii-plugins ezingasetyenziswayo.

Isiqendu sesi-2: Uhlaziyo noLawulo lokuChanabeka kwezoButhathaka (Musa ukuShiya iingozi kwiinguqulelo ezindala)

Inani elikhulu lokuqhekezwa kweWordPress livela kwiiplagins/iithimu/iinguqulelo ezingundoqo eziphelelwe lixesha ezineentlobo zokukwazi ukunqobwa ezaziwayo.

Ngoko ke, ngaphakathi kwisicwangciso sokhuseleko, “ukuhlaziya” yenye yezinto ezingundoqo.
Uxwebhu lweWordPress luthi: Indlela ezenzekelayo yokuhlaziya i-backend yaziswa kwi-WordPress 3.7 ukuphucula ukhuseleko. Ichanabisa ukuba uhlaziyo oluzenzekelayo luvulwa ngokungagqibekanga kwiisayithi ezininzi, kwaye ukusuka 5.6 Iisayithi ezintsha ziya kwenziwa zisebenze ngokuzenzekelayo xa kuqalwa.Iindlela zokuhlaziya iinguqulelo ezinkulu nezincinci, njl.

Imigaqo:

  • I-Core/themes/plugins kufuneka zibe nesicwangciso esicacileyo sokuhlaziya (okuzenzekelayo/okuzisenzekelayo/okuhlolwa ngesandla).
  • Qinisekisa ukuba kukho indawo yokubuyela umva phambi kohlaziyo olukhulu (jonga kwiCandelo 3, “Isigaba se-3 soGcino-kopi”)
  • Ii-plugins ezingasakhathalelwayo kufuneka zitshintshwe ngokukhawuleza kangangoko (le yeyona ndlela ithe ngqo yokunciphisa indawo ehlaselwayo).

Inyathelo lesi-3: Ukhuseleko nokuFunyanwa (Ukwenza kube nzima ukuba uhlaselo luyimpumelelo, nokwenza ukuba izinto ezingaqhelekanga zifunyanwe kwangethuba)

Kweli nqanaba, into ekufuneka uyenzile kukwakha ukhuselo olucwangciswe ngcono:

  • I-Firewall/WAF (ithintela inxalenye yothungelwano olungeyomfuneko phambi kokuba izicelo zingene kwi-WordPress)
  • Ukuhlolwa kwekhowudi enobungozi, ukubeka iliso kubunyango beefayile
  • Iilogi Zokhuseleko Nezilumkiso: Ukungenela okungaqhelekanga, utshintsho lweemvume, uhlengahlengiso lweefayile
  • Ujongano: Ujongano lwexesha lokungasebenzi, ukuphelelwa kwexesha kwezatifikethi, iimpazamo ezingaqhelekanga ze-5xx, ukunyuka okungaqhelekanga kwe-traffic

Izixhobo ezimeleyo:

  • Igama lomkhuseliIphepha le-plugin liquka ngokucacileyo iimpawu ze-firewall, ukuskenwa kwe-malware kunye nokhuseleko lokungena, iphawula ukuba abasebenzisi bePremium bafumana uhlaziyo lwangoko nangoko lwemigaqo ye-firewall kunye neempawu ze-malware, ngelixa inguqulelo yasimahla inokulibaziseka iintsuku ezingama-30.
    Isindululo: Inguqulelo yasimahla inokuphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko olusisiseko, kodwa ukuba isayithi yakho ijongene neengozi eziphezulu okanye ixhomekeke kakhulu kulwazi lwamva nje lwezoyikiso, kufuneka uqonde iimpembelelo zokulibaziseka kolu hlaziyo.
  • Ukuhlanganiswa kweziphene(Indlela yokuThintela okweXeshana/yoKhuselo lweZibuthuntu)Iwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni igxininisa ukukhusela iisayithi kwii-plugins/themes ezisesichengeni ngokusebenzisa i-virtual patching.Ukuhlanganiswa kwezipheneInguqulelo yasimahla inika izilumkiso zezibuthuntu, ngelixa inguqulelo ehlawulelwayo inika ukhuselo oluzenzekelayo lwezibuthuntu, phakathi kwezinye iimpawu.
  • Ukuphila(Ucoceko neNkonzo yoKhuseleko)Iphepha lenkonzo yayo ligxininisa ubuchule beSucuri ekususeni i-malware nasekuqhubekeni nokuskenela nokuthintela ukungena okuzayo.

7. Isibhengezo seMingcipheko

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kwimisebenzi yokugcina ikopi

  1. Iikopi ezigciniweyo zigcinwa kuphela kwiseva ngokwayo.
    Xa iseva ingasebenzi kakuhle, iibackups zasekuhlaleni nazo zihlala zilahleka.
  2. Yenza i-backup yedathabheyisi kuphela, hayi i-wp-content.
    Emva kokubuyiselwa, unokufumana: amanqaku esekho kodwa imifanekiso ayikho; okanye izilungiselelo zethimu zilahlekile; okanye iifayile ze-plugin azihambelani, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimpazamo.
  3. Ungaze wenze imithambo yokuhlangula.
    Kwimzuzu wokugqibela kuphela apho safumanisa khona ukuba ukubuyiselwa kwedatha akuphumelelanga, i-backup yonakele, okanye iifayile ezibalulekileyo zingekho.
  4. Ukuphindaphindwa kokwenza i-backup akuhambelani neemfuno zeshishini.
    Kwiisayithi ze-e-commerce/zamalungu, ukuba iibackups zenziwa kanye ngosuku, eyona meko imbi kakhulu ingabandakanya ukulahlekelwa yidatha ye-odolo/yokuziphatha komsebenzisi yosuku olunye. Iindleko ezinokubakho zoluilahleko zinokugqitha kakhulu iindleko zokwenza iibackups.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kwiisicelo eziphindaphindayo ezinxulumene nokhuseleko

  1. Ufakile iiplagini zokhuseleko kodwa wazilibala ukuhlaziya ixesha elide.
    Iiplagini zokhuseleko azithathi ndawo yohlaziyo. Izibuthathaka eziphelelwe lixesha zisahleli, kwaye iingozi ziyaqhubeka.
  2. Ii-akhawunti zabalawuli/ezabelwana ngazo ezininzi kakhulu
    Iimvume ezingalawulwayo, iilogi ekunzima ukuzilandela, kunye neengozi ezibalulekileyo ngexesha lokunikezela komsebenzi.
  3. Ukucinga ukuba “wakufaka i-WAF/CDN, ukhuselekile ngokupheleleyo”
    I-WAF inokuthintela uhlaselo oluninzi oluxhaphakileyo, kodwa ayinakusombulula imiba efana neephasiwedi ezibuthathaka, izikhewu zokhuseleko eziphelelwe lixesha, okanye iiplagini zangasemva. Eyona ndlela ithembekileyo kukuphumeza “iingqeshe ezininzi zokhuselo”.
  4. Ukufaka ii-plugins zokhuseleko ezininzi ngaxeshanye kunokubangela ungquzulwano kwaye kucothise isayithi yakho.
    Imigaqo-nkqubo yokhuseleko kufuneka ibeke phambili amanyathelo “ambalwa kodwa abaluleke kakhulu”: ukuqinisekiswa okunezinto ezimbini (2FA) + ukuhlaziya imigaqo-nkqubo + iifirewalls/ukuskena + izilumkiso; kunokuba kube “okuninzi kungcono”.

8. Uluhlu lokuQinisekisa

Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Backup (Ukuba la manqaku asi-8 ayaphumelela, musa ukuthi “Ndinayo i-backup”)

  • Vumela iibackups ezenzekelayo (hayi ezenziwa ngesandla)
  • Ingaba ibackup iquka idatabase kunye ne-wp-content (i-uploads/i-themes/i-plugins)?
  • Ingaba iibackups zigcinwa ngaphandle kwendawo (kugcino lwefu/ugcino lwezinto/iseva ezinikeleyo)?
  • Ingaba ikhona na inkqubo ecacisiweyo yokugcinwa (umz., iintsuku eziyi-7/30/90)?
  • Ingaba i-backup yamva nje iphumelele (hayi nje “ecwangcisiweyo”)?
  • Uvimba wokugqibela wokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni emva kwentlekele wenzelwa nini? Ingaba uphumelele?
  • Ngaba kuza kwenziwa enye indawo yokubuyela umva phambi kohlaziyo olukhulu?
  • Ingaba i-critical path iyasebenza na emva kokubuyiselwa (ukungena, iifomu, iiodolo ze-e-commerce/iimvume zobulungu, njl.njl.)?

Ukuqinisekiswa kokhuseleko (kubekwa isiseko esiluqilima kuqala)

  • Ingaba ii-akhawunti zabalawuli ziyancitshiswa? Ingaba ikhona inkqubo yokucima ii-akhawunti xa abasebenzi bemka?
  • Vumela Uqinisekiso lwezinto ezimbini(Ubuncinci abalawuli/abahleli/abaphathi bevenkile kunye nezinye izikhundla ezinegunya eliphezulu)
  • Ingaba ikhona ecacileyoUhlaziyo loMgaqo-nkqubo(Umongo/Umxholo/Isongezelelo)
  • Ingaba iiplagins/iithimu ezingasetyenziswanga kufuneka zicinywe (hayi nje ukucinywa ukusebenza)?
  • Ingaba ikhona i-firewall/ukhuselo lokungena/ukuskenwa kwezinto eziyingozi?Igama lomkhuseli (enokugubungela inxalenye yayo)
  • Ingaba ikhona na indlela yesilumkiso sobuthathaka/yokulungisa okungokoqobo?Ukuhlanganiswa kweziphene njl.)
  • Ngaba zikhona izilumkiso (izigqibo zokungena ezikrokrisayo, utshintsho lweefayile, ukuwa kwenkqubo, ukuphelelwa lixesha kwezatifikethi)?
  • Ingaba ikhona na isicwangciso sokuphendula kwimeko kaxakeka: Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe njengenyathelo lokuqala xa kuhlaselwe okanye kuphazanyisiwe?

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Ingaba i-backup eyakhelweyo yomnini-ndawo yanele?

Ngokubanzi akucetyiswa ukuthembela komnye umthombo kuphela.
Ii-backups ze-host zomelele, kodwa akusoloko kulula ukwenza “ukuthatha, ukufudusa, okanye ukwenza i-rollback ecacileyo”. Indlela ethembeke ngakumbi yile:I-Host backup ibonelela ngokuphindaphindwa okuyisisiseko + I-Plugin/cloud backup yenza iindawo zokubuyisela zikwazi ukuphatheka nokulawuleka。

2. Kufuneka ndenze i-backup kangaphi?

Ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lotshintsho lwedatha:

  • Umxholo wesiza: Ngokwesiqhelo uyoneleyo yonke imihla
  • Iwebhusayithi yenkampani: Imihla ngemihla (ingakumbi xa kuveliswa iifomu ze-lead), kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-lead ikhona kungekuphela nje ngaphakathi kwisayithi.
  • I-E-commerce/Ubulungu: Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe isantya esiphezulu (ngeyure okanye ngexesha eliphantse libe lelo langempela), njengoko ixabiso ledatha ye-odolo/yomsebenzisi likhulu kakhulu.

3. Zifanele zigcinwe ixesha elingakanani iibackups?

Ngokuxhomekeke kumxholo kunye neemfuno zokuthotyelwa, le ndlela inokuthi yamkelwe:

  • Gcina ubuncinane iintsuku eziyi-7 ukuya kweziyi-30 ukuze kubekho ukubuyiselwa emva okuqhelekileyo.
  • Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga “nokungenelela okungekho mthethweni/ukuphazanyiswa okuqhubekayo”, ukugcina idatha ixesha elide (umz., iintsuku ezingama-90) kungaba luncedo ngakumbi, kukuvumela ukuba ubuyele kuguqulelo lwangaphambili olucocekileyo.

4. Ingaba i-UpdraftPlus, i-WPvivid kunye ne-Duplicator zonke ziyinto enye?

Zonke ziyakwazi ukwenza iibackups, kodwa zigxile kwizinto ezahlukeneyo:

  • UpdraftPlus Ngokwesiqhelo, oku kubandakanya “iibackups zemisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo ezidityaniswe nokugcinwa nokubuyiselwa kweethagethi ezininzi”.”
  • WPvivid Gxininisa kumandla okuvavanya ukugcinwa kwekopi, ukufuduswa, kunye nokulungiselela.
  • Umphindi Inamandla kakhulu ekupakisheni/ukufuduseni/ukukopa iisayithi.“

Ukuba ukhetha ngokwe “uhlobo”, awuzukubhidekisa ngamagama.

5. Kutheni i-Jetpack Backup iyinkonzo ehlawulelwayo? Ilungele nini?

Njengoko ngokwenene ifana ngakumbi “nenkonzo yebackup yelifu”—igxininisa ugcino lwelifu nokubuyiselwa ngokucofa kanye—iphepha le-plugin kufuneka licacise ngokufanelekileyo ukuba liquka Izicwangciso ezihlawulelwayo ze-BackupIphepha elisemthethweni lokubhalisa ligxininisa ukugcinwa kwayo yonke utshintsho kunye nokwenza ukuba ukubuyiselwa kwakhona kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza ngokucofa kanye.
Ifanele abo banenkathalo ngakumbi ngesantya sokubuyisela kwaye banqwenela ukunikezela imisebenzi yokugcina ikopi kwinkonzo ezinzileyo.

6. Yintoni ukubaluleka kwe-“incremental backups” ezifana neBlogVault okanye iManageWP?

Umgaqo ongundoqo wamabackup anqokqophayo ngulo:Yenza i-backup yamacandelo atshintshileyo kuphelaNciphisa umthwalo we-server ngelixa ivelisa iindawo zokubuyisela kwimeko yangaphambili rhoqo ngakumbi.

  • Iplagini yeBlogVaultAmaxwebhu agxininisa iibackups ezenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, ezongezelelayo ezibhala phezu kweedatabases/iithimu/iiplugins/imidiya, ngelixa kwangaxeshanye edibisa amandla okwenza i-staging nokufudusa.
  • Lawula i-WP Ikwugxininisa ukuba itekhnoloji ye-incremental backup inciphisa umthwalo kwaye ibonelela ngokubuyiselwa ngokucofa kanye.

Ifanelekile kwi: iisayithi ezinkulu, amaziko eendaba amaninzi, uhlaziyo oluqhubekayo, okanye ukuba ulawula iisayithi ezininzi.

7. Ingaba iplagin enye yokhuseleko yanele?

Kwiwebhusayithi ezininzi, ukusebenzisa i-plugin enye engundoqo yokhuseleko kunye nokuphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo esisiseko yokhuseleko kudla ngokusebenza ngcono kunokufaka ii-plugins ezininzi.
Umzekelo Igama lomkhuseli Kubandakanya izakhono ezisisiseko ezifana nokhuselo lwe-firewall, ukuskena, kunye nokhuseleko lokungena; kudityaniswe Uqinisekiso lwezinto ezimbini(I-Solid Security inikezela ngeendlela ezininzi), nto leyo enokunyusa kakhulu iindleko zohlaselo.

8. Ingaba inguqulelo yasimahla ye-Wordfence ilungile? Kutheni abanye abantu besithi kufuneka u-upgrade uye kwi-Premium?

Iphepha le-Plugin ye-WordfenceQaphela: I-Premium ibonelela ngohlaziyo lwemithetho ye-firewall kunye neesiginali ze-malware ngexesha lokwenene, ngelixa inguqulelo yasimahla inokulibaziseka iintsuku ezingama-30.
Ukuba i-Premium iyafuneka kuxhomekeke kubunyamezelo bakho bomngcipheko:

  • Iiwebhusayithi ezisengozini encinci: Inguqulelo yasimahla + uhlaziyo olufika ngexesha + ingqinisiso yezinto ezimbini (2FA) ngokubanzi ziyanceda kakhulu.
  • Umngcipheko ophezulu okanye ukuxhomekeka okukhulu kwi-“latest threat intelligence”: kufuna ukuqonda ixesha elinokubakho lobuthathaka elivela “kukulibaziseka kwezihlaziyo”.

9. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba “yi-virtual patch” isombululo esivela kwi-Patchstack iyasombulula ntoni kanye kanye?

Indlela yayo kukuthintela izikhewu ezaziwayo kwinqanaba le-application kusetyenziswa imigaqo, phambi kokuba izikhewu ze-plug-in/ze-theme zixhatshazwe (okanye phambi kokuba izilungisi zifakwe ngokupheleleyo).Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yePatchstackIgxininisa ukhuselo lwe-virtual patching lwee-plugins/themes ezisesichengeni, kunye nengcaciso yomahluko phakathi kweendlela zasimahla nezihlawulelwayo malunga nezilumkiso nokhuseleko oluzenzekelayo.
Oku akuyondawonye ye-updates, kodwa linyathelo lokunciphisa iingozi ezinxulumene nexesha lokufakwa kwee-patches.

10. Ingaba ukuvula i-two-factor authentication kuya kundivalela ngaphandle?

Sicebisa ukuba ulungiselele kwangaphambili:

  • Ikhowudi yokugcina/indlela yokubuyiselaUkhuseleko oluqinileyo (Ikwakhankanya izicwangciso ezifana neekhowudi ze-backup)
  • Qinisekisa ukuba ubuncinane kukho “umlawuli wongxamiseko” omnye otyunjweyo nokuba iinkcukacha zokubuyisela imeko yesiqhelo zigcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo.
  • Ingongoma yeyokuba: ungagcini iinkcukacha zokubuyisela kwindawo enye enokufikelelwa ukuba ingaphulwa ukhuseleko.

11. Ingaba uhlaziyo lwe-WordPress oluzenzekelayo lufanele luvulwe?

Amaxwebhu e-WordPressIndlela yokuzenzekelayo yokuhlaziya umxholo osemva iyilelwe ukuphucula ukhuseleko kwaye isebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kwiindawo ezininzi, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuhlaziya enokulungiswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Isindululo:

  • Uphuculo lwezokhuseleko kunye neenguqulelo ezincinci: zifakwa ngokuzenzekelayo (ukuze kuncitshiswe ixesha lokuchanabeka kwizikhewu zokhuseleko ezaziwayo)
  • Uhlaziyo olukhulu lwe-version/olubalulekileyo lwe-plugin: Qhubeka kuphela emva kokudibanisa iindawo zokubuyisela i-backup kunye neenkqubo zokuvavanya (kufuneka ubuncinci wenze ukuba kubekho amandla okubuyisela).

12. Ukuba ndikrokrela ukuba iwebhusayithi yam i-hackiwe, ndimele ndenze ntoni kuqala?

Ulandelelwano oluchanekileyo (ukuphepha ukwenza izinto zibe mbi ngakumbi):

  1. Yima kuqala ukophaThintela okwethutyana ukungena kwi-backend, nqumamisa imisebenzi ekrokrisayo, kwaye uvule iphepha lokulungisa xa kuyimfuneko.
  2. Okokuqala, gcina ubungqina uze ubuyisele inkqubo kwimeko yayo yangaphambili.Ngokukhawuleza yenza isipele semeko yangoku (ngeenjongo zohlalutyo), ngelixa ngaxeshanye ulungiselela indawo yokubuyela emva ecocekileyo.
  3. Ukubuyisela/UkuhlambaBeka phambili ukubuyisela kwixesha elisaziwayo lokuba licocekile, okanye usebenzise inkonzo yokucoca yobuchwepheshe.Ukuphila (ugxininisa ukucocwa okunobubi xa kuthelekiswa nokhuseleko oluqhubekayo)
  4. Ukuzalisa izikhewuHlaziya i-core/plugins/themes, seta ngokutsha amagama okugqitha kunye nezitshixo eziyimfihlo, vula uqinisekiso lwezinto ezimbini, kwaye ususe ii-akhawunti kunye nee-plugins ezikrokrisayo.

13. Sendifake amanyathelo okhuseleko kunye neebackups, kutheni ke ukubeka iliso kusafuneka?

Kuba ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunokunciphisa umonakalo.
Ukuma kwenkqubo, izatifikethi eziphelelwe lixesha, itrafikhi engaqhelekanga, ukungena okurhanelwayo, izinto ezingaqhelekanga kwii-odolo—zonke ezi ziingxaki apho ukufunyanwa kwazo kwangethuba kusindisa ingxaki enkulu.